📖 SATURDAY PRAYER: MALCHUT-YESHIVAT HAVERIM יְשִׁיבָה חברים – BABYLONIAN TALMUD p142

READING: BETWEEN MIDNIGHT AND DAWN OF SATURDAY

“The husks of lentils are not excepted,” etc. Husks of lentils only, and not of beans? Did not a
Boraitha state that R. Jehudah said, “husks of beans and lentils”? This presents no difficulty. The
Mishna refers to husks of new lentils and the Boraitha refers to old lentils and beans. And why
not old ones? Said R. Abuhu: Because they (the husks of lentils and beans) are black and when
dished up look like flies in a bowl (they are not eaten with the food and therefore are not
counted in).
Footnotes
130:1 Kiddush and Habhdalah are the benedictions recited at the commencement and
termination of the Sabbath, the former over wine or bread and the latter only over some
beverage.
131:1 The literal translation of the passage Exod. xxxi. 14 is “Every one that defileth it [the
Sabbath], death shall he die.”
132:1 In that passage there is a superfluous Mem (the Hebrew prefix meaning of or from).
Hence its literal translation is “of one of them.”
134:1 In the Tract Kriroth the reason of the man’s non-culpability is explained as follows: it is
written [Lev. iv. 23], “if now his sin wherein he has sinned come to his knowledge,” and this
should be supplemented with “but not the sin which he had not in mind to commit at all.”
Whence we see plainly that the Scriptures designate as an unintentional sinner only one who
knows wherein he has sinned; for instance, if he became aware that it was Sabbath, or that the
acts performed by him were prohibited. In our case, however, where a man intended to pick up a
thing but accidentally cut a thing, it is evident that no intention to cut existed in the man’s mind,
and the intent of the “wherein he has sinned” in the Scriptures does not apply to him. Rabha
goes further and says that even if one actually accomplished an act he had in mind and which
was permissible on the Sabbath, but at the same time accidentally committed a prohibited act (as
illustrated in the above instance), even in such a case the scriptural “wherein he has sinned”
cannot apply, nor can he be accounted the scriptural unintentional sinner who is liable for a sinoffering.
Abayi, however, differs with him, as will be seen farther on.